Apparently it's not even that hard to make.
I guess we are nearing the singularity now.
https://arstechnica.com/civis/threads/lk-99-lead-apatite-room-temperature-ambient-pressure-superconductor.1494809/
https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/breaking-superconductor-news
Video of the material levitating over a magnet:
https://sciencecast.org/casts/suc384jly50n
Hmm, Lead Phosphorous and Copper that will be easy to verify in many labs so we should know pretty soon if this is for real.
Quote from: verpies on 2023.07.26, 22:18:26
Hmm, Lead Phosphorous and Copper that will be easy to verify in many labs so we should know pretty soon if this is for real.
I agree, and I'm sure some labs are making the material as we speak. It will take a while to peer review but I bet verification/replication attempts will happen in a matter of days.
We need a major overhaul in education system and academic bodies, I'm quite reluctant to credit them for what they doing when we can see from the moon huge discrepancy while they keep telling us that everything needs to be seen through the microscope as we aren't yet that advanced.
If they want to keep their status they need to release to public or face being overthrown when all their credibility will be blown away.
There is a live stream of a replication attempt from Andrew who is an Engineer:
https://www.twitch.tv/andrewmccalip
And here is the guys twitter page:
https://twitter.com/andrewmccalip
QuotePSA. This is all for fun. We're a few enthusiastic engineers doing this as a hobby project, we just want to see the rocks float. We support the real scientists around the world that are executing the proper methods of evaluation and publishing.
Another patent too from a different lab. https://patentcenter.uspto.gov/applications/17249094
Here is a video debunking their video
https://youtu.be/QHPFphlzwdQ?t=483
Dave is right about this one.
Quote from: verpies on 2023.07.30, 23:04:47
Here is a video debunking their video
https://youtu.be/QHPFphlzwdQ?t=483
Dave is right about this one.
It's starting to feel like they rushed the results to get it out before the other lab announcement.
@verpies https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.16892 Good thread here. https://twitter.com/alexkaplan0/status/1686208150590935041 Finding of a theoretical basis for superconductivity in Cu doped lead apatite
The paper discusses how the presence of a manifold of flat copper (Cu) d-bands is a feature of the structural reconstruction provided by the apatite network. The author also discusses the band structure of the Cu-substituted compound without performing a structural relaxation.
The author explains how the Cu interrupts the hexagonal network that characterizes the apatite structure, leading to a structural rearrangement to a lower P1 symmetry. The Cu substituted in this position has a significantly different electronic structure with no correlated d-bands crossing the Fermi level.
The paper suggests that Cu on the Pb(2) site is more energetically favorable than Cu on the Pb(1) site, which could impact the robustness of obtaining Cu substitution on the Pb(1) site.
In the discussion section, the author theorizes that the apatite structure provides a unique framework for stabilizing localized Cu d-states that form a strongly correlated flat band at the Fermi level. When Cu is substituted on a Pb(1) site, it results in various structural changes, including reduced lattice parameters, changes in coordination, and modified polyhedral tilts. This leads to a local Jahn-Teller distorted trigonal prism around Cu, resulting in a set of isolated d yz = d xz bands with half-filling. The author notes that achieving such a crystal field environment could also be possible in intercalated twisted heterogeneous bilayers.
Please note that this is a rough summary and a full understanding of the paper would require a more detailed reading, especially for more complex and technical sections.
but wait there's more.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.16040
Both papers appear to focus on the study of superconductivity in copper (Cu)-doped lead-apatite, often referred to as LK-99. The main points of overlap and consistency between the two papers can be summarized as follows:
Structure of Lead-Apatite: Both papers discuss the structural and electronic properties of lead-apatite and the impact of replacing a lead (Pb) atom with a copper (Cu) atom.
Role of Copper (Cu): Both papers delve into the significant role of Cu in altering the properties of lead-apatite. Cu substitution leads to changes in the electronic structure and possibly contributes to the observed superconductivity.
Flat Bands and Superconductivity: Both papers seem to discuss the concept of flat bands in the context of superconductivity. The first paper talks about the presence of a manifold of flat Cu d-bands as a feature of the structural reconstruction provided by the apatite network. The second paper also discusses the appearance of a half-filled very flat band crossing the Fermi level after Cu doping.
Doping with Other Elements: Both papers touch upon the possibility of doping with elements other than copper. The first paper mentions potential difficulties in obtaining robust Cu substitution on the Pb(1) site, which could imply the need for other elements. The second paper explicitly discusses doping with other elements, such as nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), silver (Ag), and gold (Au).
Please note that this is a high-level summary based on the initial sentences from each section of the papers. A more thorough comparison would require a more detailed reading of the papers.
More breaking news.. no really!
First claimed reproduction of LK-99 here they observe the effect under microscope of the mag field orientation https://targum.video/v/2023/8/1/e2ad3b8e86961ccfdcf411d2d4d18d3f/?l=en
Doping is a process used in materials science to add impurities to a substance in order to change its properties. This technique is particularly common in semiconductors, where small amounts of a dopant can significantly alter the electrical properties of the material. Here's a general process of how doping might be achieved:
Choice of Dopant: The first step is to choose the appropriate dopant. The choice of dopant will depend on the material being doped and the desired properties. For example, in the case of the papers you provided, copper (Cu) is used as a dopant to induce superconductivity in lead-apatite.
Preparation: The base material (in this case, lead-apatite) is prepared for doping. This may involve cleaning the material or creating a thin film of the material.
Doping Process: The actual process of doping can be done in various ways:
Diffusion Doping: In this process, the material is heated in a chamber with the dopant material. The high temperatures cause the dopant atoms to diffuse into the material. The amount of dopant in the material can be controlled by adjusting the temperature and the doping time.
Ion Implantation: In this process, the dopant atoms are ionized and then accelerated towards the material using an electric field. The ions penetrate the surface of the material and become lodged within the crystal structure. This method allows for more precise control over the concentration and distribution of the dopant.
Epitaxial Growth: In this process, the material is grown layer by layer in a chamber filled with the base material and dopant gases. As the material grows, the dopant atoms are incorporated into the crystal structure.
Annealing: After the doping process, the material is often annealed. This involves heating the material to repair any damage caused by the doping process and to allow the dopant atoms to move into their equilibrium positions in the crystal lattice.
Evaluation: After the doping process, the material's properties are evaluated to ensure that the desired changes have occurred.
These are general steps and the actual process may vary depending on the specific materials and desired outcomes. Also, it's worth noting that doping requires precise control and specialized equipment, as even tiny amounts of a dopant can significantly change a material's properties.
Quote from: verpies on 2023.07.30, 23:04:47
Here is a video debunking their video
https://youtu.be/QHPFphlzwdQ?t=483
here is original Korean video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EtVjGWpbE7k
Dave is not a .. a trained in physics scientist -
https://youtu.be/l6uPHxQVEgQ
Wesley
Jimboot,
Thanks - extremely interesting developments IMHO.
Please keep the info coming...
Might just be the "final key" to a >6X solution!
SL
Already some failed replications from india and china. :-[
See the list of worldwide replications:
https://forums.spacebattles.com/threads/claims-of-room-temperature-and-ambient-pressure-superconductor.1106083/page-11?post=94266395#post-94266395
can anyone tell me what the super conductor 'conducts'?
"Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence". Carl Sagan.
Please can anyone provide the Proof of this 'thing' that's being conducted.... (I need this sort of 'proof' in another thread.)
Another replication and first claim of 0 resistance. https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01192
Conclusion:
The authors summarize their findings, stating that they successfully synthesized the compound Pb10-xCux(PO4)6O and observed zero resistance above 100 K. However, they didn't observe the Meissner effect, suggesting that the superconducting volume in their samples is relatively low. They note that more evidence is needed to confirm superconductivity and to identify which component is responsible for the observed zero resistance. The question of whether the transition temperature (Tc) could be enhanced to room temperature remains open.
Wikipedia tracking here. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LK-99
So is this a real reality or just another one of MIT's great finds that never comes out? This will really tear up the energy markets. How about transportation markets. Drive motors that can really go for 1000's of miles before charge?
Right! Believe it when I see it.
thay
Quote from: MerLynn on 2023.08.03, 00:21:23
can anyone tell me what the super conductor 'conducts'?
"Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence". Carl Sagan.
Please can anyone provide the Proof of this 'thing' that's being conducted.... (I need this sort of 'proof' in another thread.)
It's supposed to conduct electricity with zero resistance.
Instead of using wireless transfer or hairpin circuit of Tesla's patent ... or the working principle of Joe Cell
Smoke and mirrors ... this is what academic society offers when we are +100 years later after Tesla's work ... yet they dare to demand respect and pretend they can rule all inventions by their standards.
I think you could apply what they are learning through whatever lens you wanted. I.e. how does this relate to Russell's et Al work on vibration frequencysacred geometry etc. it seems to be new information. It's up to you how you use it.
Can anyone explain in simple terms (please, no more Wikipedia), why we can't use hairpin circuit of Tesla's and we need a superconductor ?
Flux pinning replication of lk99 https://twitter.com/andercot/status/1687740396691185664?s=61&t=T4M_0wPlkV7hluv8-HD4Lw
Quote from: Classic on 2023.08.03, 20:04:09
Can anyone explain in simple terms (please, no more Wikipedia), why we can't use hairpin circuit of Tesla's and we need a superconductor ?
Classic, The so called "Hair Pin" operates on "nodes" and uses capacitive coupled high voltage pulses; whereas
SuperConduction involves elimination (reduction) of conductor resistance (the R in Ohms Law).
[Tesla] Hair Pin Reference: https://waveguide.blog/brief-history-tesla-hairpin-circuit-stout-copper-bars/
Two different phenomena I would guess - super conduction reduces the resistance in conductors where
Tesla Hair Pin is a Nodal based impedance scheme. This is well understood in "distributed microwave circuit
and waveguide design." {Tesla was probably the first microwave designer - years before it was actually known}
Imagine winding a coil or pole with a conductor of zero resistance! WOW -> I=V/R where R=0... ???
BTW - Tesla never refered to the now "so called Hair Pin" by that name - he simply called it "Stout Copper Bars."
Unless you're refering to the "hairpin winding" found in a Tesla Electric Car motor - another story, however
SL
Quote from: solarlab on 2023.08.06, 00:45:19
Classic,
The so called "Hair Pin" operates on "nodes" and uses capacitive coupled high voltage pulses; whereas
SuperConduction involves elimination (reduction) of conductor resistance (the R in Ohms Law).
[Tesla] Hair Pin Reference: https://waveguide.blog/brief-history-tesla-hairpin-circuit-stout-copper-bars/ (https://waveguide.blog/brief-history-tesla-hairpin-circuit-stout-copper-bars/)
Two different phenomena I would guess - super conduction reduces the resistance in conductors where
Tesla Hair Pin is a Nodal based impedance scheme. This is well understood in "distributed microwave circuit
and waveguide design." {Tesla was probably the first microwave designer - years before it was actually known}
Imagine winding a coil or pole with a conductor of zero resistance! WOW -> I=V/R where R=0... ???
BTW - Tesla never refered to the now "so called Hair Pin" by that name - he simply called it "Stout Copper Bars."
Unless you're refering to the "hairpin winding" found in a Tesla Electric Car motor - another story, however
SL
This is really interesting ... why do we need zero current in a wire ? I mean, is it right ... I agree upon benefits of diamagnetic, levitation and attraction in the same time (superconductor stays within the field in attraction but is repelled from touching the magnet) ... yet I=0 as I/0=0 as per I=V/R 🤭
Yet, in my limited knowledge I thought that high voltage follow (allow directional transmitting) along a hair size diameter of wire in hairpin circuit of Tesla's ... eliminating the need for thick wires which have less resistance than thin wires and being able to transmit higher value of current or no amps but voltage
Unless no amps could mean infinite amps like minus infinite.
And no, I won't make any reference to impostors whom seek to impersonate the great inventor name for crap things.
Anyway I won't expect to see anything good from this possible invention for the benefit of mankind anytime soon as we can see what happened with graphene where all the good things went for military use and almost none for anything else, yet some malevolent individuals keep promoting idea that graphene production is expensive when in reality the production cost is well below £8-9000 per tonne with almost no damage for environment.
Sorry - this one's probably better for you:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconductivity
Or a simpler one:
http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/113.web.stuff/travis/what_is.html
With respect to (so called) Tesla Hair Pin:
https://waveguide.blog/brief-history-tesla-hairpin-circuit-stout-copper-bars/
From this bloke.
https://twitter.com/Andercot/status/1687471084659265536
Three more replications of diamagnetism in LK-99
A re-cap of who they are and where to find them:
@andrewmccalip
working out of the
@VardaSpace
laboratories has replicated the apparent diamagnetic properties of LK-99 in the video attached. He did so following the recipe originally published by the Korean team using tools like a blowtorch and oven. Here you can see a fuller clip he has uploaded to youtube and also posted to his twitter / X account: https://youtube.com/watch?v=K7jk7r-t66U&ab_channel=AndrewMcCalip...
@szacilow
in Poland has also claimed replication of diamagnetic properties although a write-up is forthcoming, see photo in the comments.
A team of Hao Wu, Li Yang, Bichen Xiao, Haixin Chang at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology have claimed successful replication of diamagnetism in a sample of LK-99 with a more extended write-up which is available on arxiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01516, with photos attached in comments below.
This comes in addition to the first reported replication of diamagnetism which to the best of my knowledge belongs to
@iris_IGB
, in addition to now several others at Chinese research universities.
~~~~~~~~
An emerging interpretation of this physical phenomenon of partial levitation is that the superconducting pathways inside the material are one-dimensional, and so do not fully support levitation in all three dimensions.
Normally in a Type-II superconductor current can flow and be conducted internally in different directions however the magnetic field might induce it, as well as trap or pin magnetic flux lines internally, thus the Meissner effect might be considered the combination of several phenomenon and properties at once.
Notably, replications of this partial levitation / diamagnetism have been accompanied with photos of it NOT being attracted to a magnet, showing that this is not simply a magnetized flake of material.
The speed and ease of replicating the diamagnetism of LK-99 is profound - normally in preparing these materials there is an extensive amount of artisinal expertise and practical know-how required to get the recipe just right.
Things are definitely getting interesting here folks
Quote from: solarlab on 2023.08.06, 21:05:52
Sorry - this one's probably better for you:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconductivity
Or a simpler one:
http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/113.web.stuff/travis/what_is.html
With respect to (so called) Tesla Hair Pin:
https://waveguide.blog/brief-history-tesla-hairpin-circuit-stout-copper-bars/
What about this: "In the period 2002 - 2005 it was found that, if 'free' electrons are being oscillated through very thin conductors at higher frequencies, they lose much of their ohmic resistance in said conductors and connected circuits. If said conductors with "free" electrons, which have almost no ohmic resistance, are located in a primary permanent-magnetic field, in which the lines of force are parallel to said conductors, then the primary permanent-magnetic fields are capable, per each oscillation, from the southern direction, to exercise a driving force to said 'free' electrons that simultaneously with the oscillations, a directed flow is being produced." Quote from patent NL1033157 posted on this forum
Unless we are looking for a new mean of travel/transport we have a superconductor fairly simple described and not difficult to replicate. And this phenomena can be observed in Tesla, Don Smith, Kapanadze etc.
In my opinion research for a superconductor at room temperature it is indeed a very high aim, but we have superconductors that work fine at 0 degree Kelvin where transport technologies for travelling in cosmic space is required and there is a lot of advancement done since Russia started artificial orbital station, although all other countries that joined the program later are in possession of such tech.
MIT super capacitor discovery
https://news.mit.edu/2023/mit-engineers-create-supercapacitor-ancient-materials-0731
From "ancient materials"?
Edit for comment below
Huh?
Persons who build and do FE research could directly benefit from such an inexpensive superconductive paste
Which can supposedly be formed into any shape or size ..
Hopefully more info will be forthcoming..
Quote from: Chet K on 2023.08.21, 17:27:56
MIT super capacitor discovery
https://news.mit.edu/2023/mit-engineers-create-supercapacitor-ancient-materials-0731
From "ancient materials"?
Yeah, another way to keep unnecessary grids going, when we are surrounded by energy and we just need to tap into it.
Although it might make sense for small grid where small communities dump excess energy from their home for public night lights or whatever.
Quote from: Classic on 2023.08.21, 18:14:55
Yeah, another way to keep unnecessary grids going, when we are surrounded by energy and we just need to tap into it.
Although it might make sense for small grid where small communities dump excess energy from their home for public night lights or whatever.
Ask your self first what is energy and am i trowing it a way and is it truly dead on arrival wen used, so why does it have to go back where it came from ?
Sil
I wonder if there is any update, or might be, as we have seen many labs racing to prove or disprove. Are we going to hear anything ever ?
Quote from: Classic on 2023.08.06, 15:07:03
This is really interesting ... why do we need zero current in a wire ? I mean, is it right ... ... yet I=0 as I/0=0 as per I=V/R
It is not right. Mathematically, when the resistance is zero (R=0) and any voltage is present (V>0), then according to Ohm's (V/R=i), the current reaches an infinite value, ( V/0=∞ ).
Physically, this is nonsense. The current in a shorted superconducting coil does not reach an infinite value. Instead, it reaches only such value as to generate such magnetic flux as to counterbalance any attempted change of flux penetrating the loop. Thus the total magnetic flux penetrating a shorted superconductive loop
never changes. This should have been formulated as a quantitative Lenz Law, but it never was formalized.
The confusion stems from Faraday's law of induction, that states that there is a voltage ( a.k.a.: electromotive force, EMF or ℰ ) induced across an open loop which is proportional to the rate of change of flux that penetrates it ℰ=-dΦ/dt. In a resistive loop the current flowing in it can be calculated according to the Ohm's law as ℰ/R=i.
In a shorted superconducting loop there is no place to measure that voltage (emf ℰ), so it stops being a practical quantity. Dividing by zero does not help either.
So, zero=infinite now ? :D
Anyway, from where we had thousands of lab around the world eager to replicate we still have no news about LK99 .... But we know for sure that the other CuPb superconductor at room temp is a fake ... I don't know if we can laugh or cry
Quote from: Classic on 2023.10.23, 01:45:55
So, zero=infinite now ? :D
They are reciprocals.
That is the nature of division - zero dividend results in an infinite quotient. Actually it is an error to divide by zero.
So, with other words we are going to apply laws of physics only when is convenient or we have to admit that they are not valid always
dn't the petshop boys make and publish a track called 'Divide by zero'! wierd.
So when is a battery a magnet, when you stick it over a compass, try it some time it works
perhaps Itsu can test it with out it's metal over coat on. Proof Electricity is more than a potential of voltage.
PS never trust adverts or politicians or scientists it's the mushroom effect we are kept in the dark and we are fed bull shit! And that's the only truth
Sil
Seems wrong, doesn't.
The Faraday's law of induction ℰ=-dΦ/dt also fails for quickly varying fields and that is why it was supplanted by Faraday-Maxwell's equation (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday%27s_law_of_induction#Maxwell%E2%80%93Faraday_equation). BTW: The minus sign represents the famous Lenz's law, which is only a qualitative law (a serious deficiency).
The equation i=(-dΦ/dt)/R, which is the composite of Farady's Law and Ohm's law is an example of mathematical correctness and conceptual failure.
I prefer to use another one in my analysis of this, namely: i=-ΔΦ/L which stems from the definition of inductance (how much flux you get from each Amp of current).
Also, I like to think of resistance as continuous dissipation of this current as heat, at the rate P=i2R which seems conceptually corect.
Quote from: AlienGrey on 2023.10.23, 12:19:39
PS never trust adverts or politicians or scientists it's the mushroom effect we are kept in the dark and we are fed bull shit! And that's the only truth
It's also important not to throw away the baby with the bath water.