Unless someone points out an error, which is always possible, I have the impression that the theoretical proof of a Maxwell demon has been available for over a century without having been considered as such.
This is the principle of the analog wattmeter (https://analogcircuitdesign.com/what-is-a-wattmeter/):
(https://cdn.analogcircuitdesign.com/wp-content/uploads/elementor/thumbs/wattmeter_analog-1-e1697339584631-qdvodqrvv4hwyhoj1884q9gfypjkk7au5czcc9o8j8.png)
One of the coils is connected to the terminals of the equipment whose power consumption (load) is to be measured, while the other is in series with the circuit current. The two coils tend to align under the effect of their mutual fields. As one field is created by voltage, the other by current, the torque on the moving coil is proportional to the product of the two, i.e. to the power.
This type of wattmeter measures both DC and AC power. In fact, if the voltage changes direction, so does the current, so the torque forces are always in the same direction, and the wattmeter needle always deflects in the same direction.
So, from a variable current of any shape, we obtain a directional mechanical force.
If the blue coil is now connected in series with the pink coil, with the same current flowing through it, we understand that the principle is retained and that the torque will always be in the same direction, whatever the direction of the current, since if it reverses, it will be in both coils at the same time.
This brings us to the attached picture. Let's close this circuit on a resistance. The electrical noise from the resistance will generate a current through both coils, giving us a directional force, and therefore a possible useful energy; this is a form of rectification, we have a Maxwell demon.
Experimentally, this would probably be impossible to verify, as the noise of a resistor causes an extremely low current. The force to be measured would be of the order of µN or even nN. On the other hand, if the force were electrical, it would be easy. A current that would reflect the mechanical force of the wattmeter's needle would be proportional to the product of the currents in each coil, and since they all have the same current flowing through them, to the square of that current. Let's take the example of an alternating current in the coils, which in no way detracts from the generality. Then, by virtue of sin²a = 1/2 - 1/2cos 2a, we'd see a DC component (1/2), and a double-frequency component (2a). The former would be easily detectable at least with a µAmp meter, and the latter with a radio receiver (as is the case when using a diode bridge).
But how can the principle give rise to a force on charges, i.e. a current, rather than a mechanical torque? I've been pondering this question for a long time, to no avail. I've also experimented with quite a few ideas without ever detecting the slightest double-frequency signature, even with strong currents. Why is it that it's so easy to obtain this mechanical force, which is in a way the rectification of an alternating current - a rectification which, unlike diodes, has no threshold effect - and that this type of rectification is impossible to obtain in electrical form? It seems to me that there's a missing link here, and I wonder if Coler's device is a solution.
Quote from: F6FLT on 2025.02.02, 11:28:15
Experimentally, this would probably be impossible to verify, as the noise of a resistor causes an extremely low current. The force to be measured would be of the order of µN or even nN. On the other hand, if the force were electrical, it would be easy. A current that would reflect the mechanical force of the wattmeter's needle would be proportional to the product of the currents in each coil, and since they all have the same current flowing through them, to the square of that current. Let's take the example of an alternating current in the coils, which in no way detracts from the generality. Then, by virtue of sin²a = 1/2 - 1/2cos 2a, we'd see a DC component (1/2), and a double-frequency component (2a). The former would be easily detectable at least with a µAmp meter, and the latter with a radio receiver (as is the case when using a diode bridge).
But how can the principle give rise to a force on charges, i.e. a current, rather than a mechanical torque? I've been pondering this question for a long time, to no avail. I've also experimented with quite a few ideas without ever detecting the slightest double-frequency signature, even with strong currents. Why is it that it's so easy to obtain this mechanical force, which is in a way the rectification of an alternating current - a rectification which, unlike diodes, has no threshold effect - and that this type of rectification is impossible to obtain in electrical form? It seems to me that there's a missing link here, and I wonder if Coler's device is a solution.
I don't know if this is relevant but a circuit I came across a number of years ago has always puzzled me. It concerns a crystal set capable of driving a loudspeaker and is claimed to be the equivalent of a 1 transistor-powered radio.
There are two unusual aspects to this design
Firstly it employs 2 coil sets (one inside the other) ie a total of 4 coils.
Secondly, the coil sets are at right angles to one another, thus utilizing the magnetic field generated by the 1st coil pair.
If you think it might be of use I will post the full circuit diagram and build here.
At least it uses"free" energy, albeit from the transmitters, although some would argue that the earth duplicates the original signal.
Quote from: Aking.21 on 2025.02.04, 00:58:39
I don't know if this is relevant but a circuit I came across a number of years ago has always puzzled me. It concerns a crystal set capable of driving a loudspeaker and is claimed to be the equivalent of a 1 transistor-powered radio.
There are two unusual aspects to this design
Firstly it employs 2 coil sets (one inside the other) ie a total of 4 coils.
Secondly, the coil sets are at right angles to one another, thus utilizing the magnetic field generated by the 1st coil pair.
If you think it might be of use I will post the full circuit diagram and build here.
...
This is very relevant, right on topic.
I would be very interested in having the circuit diagram, thanks in advance.
Quote from: Aking.21 on 2025.02.04, 00:58:39
If you think it might be of use I will post the full circuit diagram and build here.
Of course we wish. :)
Quote from: F6FLT on 2025.02.04, 14:24:05
This is very relevant, right on topic.
I would be very interested in having the circuit diagram, thanks in advance.
Background: I came across this comprehensive diagram set several years ago and discussed it with Patrick Kelly R.I.P. on the phone at that time.
He agreed it was important and published it in his Free Energy book.
I am tempted to build it but don't have much time at present. However, I would be very interested in your comments and it would be cool if someone on this forum could construct it.
It's a classic diode radio receiver with a double-alternating rectifier - nothing surprising. The two coils are at 90° only to reduce the coupling between them and not to achieve any particular effect. The set of variable capacitors is used to tune and optimize impedance matching between HF input and audio output.
This is the kind of set-up used by hobbyists in the 1950s/60s when they didn't have much money, or to study the basics of radio. With a good antenna and when you're not too far from a transmitter, or during good propagation conditions, you can indeed hear AM stations, but never very loudly nor selectively.
Ultimately it is irrelevant to the subject.